Chronic diseases and pregnancy

Speaking about health before pregnancy, we mean way of life, nutrition, physical activity, habits, and also possible chronic diseases, such as heightened blood pressure or diabetes. If you have such diseases, then you just have to visit a doctor beforehand. You know, this may complicate pregnancy, bring harm to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor which medicinal preparations and in which doses you take. Doctor will recommend you tests and observations you should pass, for example, X-ray photography. Try to discuss all questions you have for the moment.

It is much simpler to think over a strategy of treatment before pregnancy and then worrying about complications.

Diabetes
Diabetes – it is a disease, appearing as a result of lack of insulin in organism, this hormone is produced by pancreas. If you have diabetes, it will be more difficult for you to become pregnant. Moreover, diabetes can influence passing of pregnancy seriously. First of all, it can become a reason of miscarriage or giving birth to a dead baby. Secondly, women suffering from diabetes can give birth to babies with inborn defects.
You can reduce risk of such complications due to constant control of sugar content in blood during pregnancy. If you don’t care of your state, then diabetes while pregnancy may turn out to be dangerous both for you and your future baby. Majority of complications, connected with diabetes, are displayed during first trimester, i.e. during first 13 weeks of pregnancy.

Pregnancy may cause complications of state while diabetes, what will require increase of insulin doses. This can be easily determined with help of test on sugar content in blood. Majority of doctors recommend taking a special care of this disease development during at least 2-3 months before conception. This will help to reduce probability of risk of miscarriage or other problems. Probably, you will have to pass tests on sugar content in blood several times per day, to control disease completely and avoid possible complications. Past experience shows that women, suffering from diabetes, had serious problems with conception and passing of pregnancy. But die to complete and constant control even women-diabetics can count on successful result of pregnancy and delivery.

If in your family there were cases of diabetes or you have slightest suspicions as for your own health, pass tests before pregnancy surely.

Asthma
About 1% of pregnant women suffer from asthma. It is impossible to predict influence of pregnancy on asthma. Half of women, suffering from this disease, notice no changes during pregnancy, about 25% feel even slight improvement, and the rest (25%) observe worsening of state.

Majority of anti-asthma remedies are safe for pregnant, but it is still better to consult a doctor as for preparation to take. Almost all who suffer from asthma know what may become a reason of fit, so avoid contact with allergens before getting pregnant and during whole pregnancy. Try to control your state yet before pregnancy.

Hypertension
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, can cause complication both of mother’s and unborn baby’s health. For women it is connected with risk of refusal of kidneys work, probability of hypertensic crisis or headache. Increase of a future mother’s blood pressure may become a reason for decrease of blood inflow to placenta, what will lead to delays of fetus development, i.e. a baby will weigh less, than normal while birth.

If you had high blood pressure before pregnancy, then you just have to take care of it during all 9 months. Probably, gynaecologist will send you to therapeutist’s or family doctor’s observation with this purpose.
Before making a decision to become pregnant, women, suffering from hypertension, should consult a doctor. Some remedies against high blood pressure are safe for pregnant, some are not. On no account quit taking pills and reduce dose without a doctor’s prescription! This can be dangerous. If you plan giving birth to a baby, ask you doctor about remedies you are taking against high blood pressure, and about safety of taking these medicines during pregnancy.

Heart diseases
During pregnancy load on heart increases about 50%. If you have sick heart, it is necessary for your doctor to know about it before you become pregnant.

Some heart diseases, such as mitral valve prolapse, can seriously complicate passing of pregnancy. Probably, you will even have to take antibiotics before delivery. Other heart diseases, such as inborn heart disease, may seriously influence state of health. In this case pregnancy and delivery are sometimes contra-indicated.

Consult your doctor as for heart diseases before you become pregnant.

Kidneys and urinary bladder diseases
Infections of urinary system, in particular urinary bladder, often appear during pregnancy. If you don’t cure disease in time, infection may pass to kidneys, causing pyelonephritis.

Infections of urinary bladder and pyelonephritis may lead to premature birth. If you ever suffered from pyelonephritis or repeating infections of urinary system, this should be determined before pregnancy.

Stones in kidneys also may complicate passing pf pregnancy. This disease is accompanied by severe pains in lower part of belly, so it is quite difficult to diagnose it during pregnancy. Moreover, stones in kidneys may become a reason of appearance of infections of urinary system and pyelonephritis.

If you ever had some only infection of urinary bladder, you should not worry a lot. But you still should inform your doctor about it. He will decide whether you need to pass more careful observation before pregnancy.

Thyroid gland diseases
Thyroid gland diseases may appear both because of excess or lack of thyroid hormone. Excess of hormone is called thyrotoxicosis. In this case metabolism in human organism is speeded up. This may be caused by Graves’ disease. Thyrotoxicosis is usually cured with help of operation of medicinal remedies, reducing content of thyroid hormone in organism. If you don’t cure this disease, there’s rather high level of risk premature birth and giving birth to a baby with low weight.

You can carry our treatment during pregnancy too: there’re quite safe preparations, which pregnant women may take.

Lack of thyroid hormone – hypothyroidism – is usually caused by disease of autoimmune origin. In this case thyroid gland is damaged by anti-bodies, which are produced by your organism. While hypothyroidism taking of thyroid hormones is prescribed. Not cured hypothyroidism threatens with sterility or habitual noncarrying of pregnancy.

If you have thyrotoxicosis or hypothyroidism, you need to pass through observation before pregnancy, to determine doses of medicinal remedies, necessary for treatment. In the process of pregnancy your necessity in preparations may change, and then you will have to pass another observation.

Anemia
Anemia means that there’s lack of haemoglobin in your organism. There’re several reasons and in connection with this several kinds of anemia. Symptoms of anemia are weakness, giddiness, lack of air and pale skin.
During pregnancy necessity of organism in iron and iron-containing substances increases. If in the beginning of pregnancy you suffer from lack of iron in blood, anemia increases this lack. So you need to take vitamins and preparations, containing full choice of microelements, necessary for organism.

One of specific types of anemia – sicle-cell disease, which is passed genetically: it is mainly spread among black population. If you suffer from sicle-cell disease, your organism is deprived of oxygen. Passing of this kind of anemia can be very painful, and it also may serve as a reason for other diseases and complications during pregnancy. Sicle-cell disease cannot be cured and may be passed to your baby. Women, suffering from sicle-cell disease, have very high percent of miscarriages and infections of urinary system. They also may suffer from high blood pressure and painful hypertension strokes.

Another kind of anemia – thalassanemia is also passed genetically. If some of your relatives suffers from thalassanemia or you suppose you can have it, check it before pregnancy.

Lupus
Lupus is a vascular disease of autoimmune origin. This means your organism produces anti-bodies that may destroy your organs or influence functions of these organs negatively. Lupus can affect different organs, including joints, kidneys, lungs and heart.

This disease is hard to diagnose. One woman of 700 in the age from 15 to 64 years suffers from lupus. Among black women it is met more often, in one case of 254. As a rule, lupus more often strikes women, than men, especially women of genital age, i.e. from 20 to 40 years.

Lupus treatment is highly individual and usually means taking if steroids. It is better not to become pregnant during fit of this disease, as miscarriages are extremely often among women suffering from lupus. Risk of giving birth to a dead baby also increases.

Babies, born from mothers, suffering from lupus, can have rash. They also can have different heart diseases. Premature birth and delay of pre-natal development of fetus are also quite possible.
If you suffer from lupus, consult your doctor before pregnancy definitely.

Epilepsy and epileptic seizures
Epilepsy – is a chronic disease, characterized by different kinds of seizures (fits). Most often epilepsy is displayed by big and small epileptic seizures. Chance of giving birth to a baby with epileptic disease can be 1 of 30 for women, suffering from epilepsy. Such babies have risk of in-born diseases, probably, connected with medicines, which a future mother took during pregnancy.

If you take medicines against epilepsy, it is very important to consult your doctor before pregnancy. Discuss doses and type of medicines, which you take, as many preparations, relieving seizures of epilepsy, cause in-born diseases in babies. However, there are safe remedies for fetus, for example, Phenobarbital.

Seizures can be dangerous both for mother and fetus. So it is especially important to take remedies precisely according to a doctor’s prescription during pregnancy. On no account reduce dose or quit taking medicine yourself, without a doctor!

Migraine
About 15-20% of all pregnant women suffer from migraine. Many women notice improvement of health during pregnancy. If you are going to take pills against headache during pregnancy, check with your doctor how much they are safe for you and future baby.

Cancerous growths
A question of probability of cancer’s influence on pregnancy depends on the fact which organ it stroke and how wide is growth. Breast cancer is most often form of cancer, met among women. If you had breast cancer, this will not influence pregnancy anyway, and pregnancy, in its turn, will not cause breast cancer.
Many doctors advice to wait 2-3 years with childbirth after breast cancer treatment. It is very important to discuss case history and method of treatment with your doctor yet before pregnancy. Situation may become quite complicated, if you are pregnant and pass treatment at the same time. Many medicines and remedies against cancer are not safe for future mother and baby.

Other diseases
We examined only some chronic diseases. However, any disease can be dangerous for future baby. So if you suffer from some chronic disease or have to take medicines constantly, discuss it with your doctor.
General rule is following: it is better not to take medicines or pass any medical treatment at the moment of conception and on early stages of pregnancy. Laying of all organs and tissues of a baby takes place during 1st trimester of pregnancy, and during this period you need to protect a future baby from harmful influences of medicines or observations. You will feel better and calmer, if you solve all these problems before pregnancy.

To know when you are ovulating, keep track of your menstrual calendar, monitor your cervical mucous throughout the month and count about 14 days before the onset of your next period. Map out your ovulation cycles to have the best chance of getting pregnant with helpful information from acertified nurse-midwife in this free video on pregnancy questions. Expert: Michelle Collins Contact: www.vanderbiltnursemidwives.org Bio: Michelle Collins has more than 20 years of experience in the field of maternal-child health, first as a labor, delivery and pediatric nurse, and currently as a certified nurse-midwife. Filmmaker: Dimitri LaBarge

Troubles in the Post Pregnancy Life

When you are pregnant, it is natural to have a lot of questions and speculations about your pregnancy, your health, your baby’s health, and the delivery. While it is true that women do experience difficulties and pregnancy complications while delivering baby, as it is very painful, but some women get so traumatized by the whole process that it sometimes prove to be life threatening.

Post Pregnancy Response

Trauma out of delivering baby can have adverse affects on the mother as well as the child. It is very important for the new mother to be mentally and physically fit, as now she has another life dependent on her, to be taken care of. This particular condition in a woman is called Post Pregnancy Response or PTR. There can be a number of factors responsible for PTR, which results in mental as well as physical ailments and thereby resulting in less bonding between the mother and child and in some extreme cases, unsuccessful marriage.

Identifying PTR

Diagnosing PTR is very difficult, as the symptoms of it are more or less similar to those of post traumatic stress disorder, like nightmares, depression, and anxiety and in some cases, mayhem sexual relationships. Therefore, in order to identify PTR in a woman, the doctor is required to ask the right questions, as otherwise, it might be confused with posttraumatic stress disorder, which might have adverse outcomes. The general questions that a doctor must ask a woman who might be suffering from PTR are:

Do you feel insecure or has the insecurity level risen post pregnancy?
Do you avoid discussing topics like childbirth?
Has the shock response increased in you, post childbirth?
Do you experience symptoms like nightmares, depression, and anxiety?

If the answer to even one of the questions above is “yes”, then there are chances that you are suffering from Post Pregnancy Response (PTR).

It is not unusual to have this problem, and it can result from a number of factors, like changed hormones, or sudden increase in the thyroid level post pregnancy. However, it should not be taken lightly. If you encounter any of the symptoms mentioned above, you should immediately consult a professional for help. Sometimes, talk therapy works wonder in the treatment of PTR. If you feel the need, you can also consult a psychiatrist as PTR is more of mental rather than physical problem and a psychiatrist can help in getting you out of this situation.

Pregnancy is the most beautiful phase of a woman’s life. Therefore, it should be enjoyed to the fullest. Have a happy pregnancy!

When Oral Sex Results In A Pregnancy; Can Men Ever Escape Paternity Obligations?

In a lawsuit against his ex-girlfriend, Richard O. Phillips has alleged that about six years ago, he engaged in oral sex with her. Unbeknownst to Phillips, he says, his girlfriend, Sharon Irons, allegedly saved the resulting semen and used it to inseminate herself. A pregnancy resulted, Irons gave birth to a baby, and DNA tests proved Phillips to be the genetic father.

Though Phillips allegedly did not learn of either the pregnancy or the birth until some time later, a court nonetheless ordered him to pay approximately 0 a month in child support.
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Irons disputes Phillips’s claims and asserts that she conceived her child in the ordinary way. For purposes of this column only, however, I will assume the truth of Philips’s allegations.

Phillips’s suit originally contained allegations of theft, fraud, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. An Illinois Appellate Court, however, dismissed the theft and fraud claims a few weeks ago, allowing only the emotional distress action to go forward.

The facts of this case raise significant questions about the contours of a man’s right — if any — to avoid paternity.

A Woman’s Right to Control Paternity

When a woman becomes pregnant, the man who impregnated her has few legal rights with respect to that pregnancy. He cannot, for example, require the woman to remain pregnant if she chooses to have an abortion. Conversely, he cannot force her to have an abortion if she wants to remain pregnant and give birth.

Whether it is the right to become a parent or to avoid becoming a parent, then, the pregnant woman’s choice trumps that of the father of the pregnancy. Furthermore, if the woman chooses to go to term with the pregnancy, the father is legally liable for child support.

All of this may seem quite unfair. If a man has no control over paternity, then why should he have to pay for the resulting child? Don’t responsibilities ordinarily come with rights, and vice versa?

One reason for the inequity between women and men surrounding pregnancy is the disparate physical circumstances in which a pregnant woman and the man who impregnated her, respectively, find themselves. To grant a man a legal say in whether or not a woman stays pregnant and bears his and her child is effectively to give him dominion over his partner.

As the crucial three-Justice plurality opinion stated in Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey, the case in which the Supreme Court declined to overrule Roe v. Wade and accordingly struck down the husband-notification provision of a Pennsylvania statute, “it is an inescapable biological fact that state regulation with respect to the child a woman is carrying will have a far greater impact on the mother’s liberty than on the father’s. The effect of state regulation on a woman’s protected liberty is doubly deserving of scrutiny in such a case, as the State has touched not only upon the private sphere of the family, but upon the very bodily integrity of the pregnant woman.”

Providing otherwise would give a man not simply a voice in whether or not he acquires the status of parent. It would authorize him to order the invasion of a woman’s body, whether to destroy a pregnancy that she wants to continue, or to force her to sustain a pregnancy she wishes to terminate.

As the Justices also said in Casey, “the Court today recognizes that, in the case of abortion, the liberty of the woman is at stake in a sense unique to the human condition and so unique to the law. The mother who carries a child to full term is subject to anxieties, to physical constraints, to pain that only she must bear.” The law accordingly gives her the right unilaterally to override the wishes of the man who impregnated her.

The Financial Implications of Paternity

Even accepting the unequal distribution of rights over a pregnancy, however, some argue that if a woman has complete control over whether or not to have a baby, then she should also bear the financial consequences if she chooses to remain pregnant.

In other words, if a woman can impose biological paternity on a man against his wishes, then that power should simultaneously relieve the man of his obligation to support the child that results, shouldn’t it?

The answer that the law gives is no. When a baby comes into the world, both the man and the woman whose genes led up to the child’s existence are ordinarily responsible for the care of that baby, regardless of whether the child was “wanted” by both parents. Unless the two genetic parents decide to give up their baby for adoption, that responsibility continues until the child reaches the age of majority.

Men, in other words, can seemingly be conscripted into fatherhood against their will and then forced to take care of the child whom they never agreed to have.

Some say, in response, that the man, in effect, agreed to have the child when he had sex with a woman and thus risked such an outcome. On this view, a man who engages in sexual intercourse assumes the risk of becoming a father. If he wants to avoid paternity, he must abstain from sex or undergo sterilization. Because pregnancy as well as its termination have such physically intimate consequences for a woman, the man — physically separate from these experiences — loses control over paternity once he consents to having intercourse.

This argument, of course, is in some tension with the notion that a woman does not consent to maternity when she engages in intercourse. Such tension is surely not lost on disgruntled fathers.

But even if one accepts that intercourse equals consent to paternity, what happens when a man does not consent to intercourse? Does he still bear the risk of becoming a father? The case of Phillips and Irons – as described in Phillips’s complaint – tests our intuitions about that very question.

Involuntary Paternity: Examples

When Phillips – according to his version of the facts – engaged in oral sex with Irons, did he truly assume the risk that he would have a child?

Let us examine a series of hypothetical examples and attempt, through them, to answer this question.

First, consider the case of Adam and Eve. Eve gives Adam the date rape drug GHB, and he becomes unconscious. She then uses a needle to extract sperm cells from his body. Eve promptly goes to a doctor with the sperm, and the doctor uses it to fertilize her egg, implanting the resulting zygote in her body.

If Eve gives birth, is the resulting child Adam’s? Genetically yes, but it would nonetheless appear grossly unfair to require Adam to pay child support. He has done nothing, after all, to surrender his childless status.

Now take the case of Onan and Eve. Onan masturbates in his home and deposits the resulting semen in the garbage, located in his kitchen. Eve visits Onan’s home shortly after his encounter with himself. When Onan leaves the room for a few minutes, Eve takes the opportunity to rummage through his garbage and finds the discarded semen. She makes a quick exit and proceeds to inseminate herself.

If Eve becomes pregnant and gives birth, should Onan have to pay her child support? Again, as in the case of Adam and Eve, it would seem unjust to impose financial obligations on Onan. Though less violently than in Adam’s case, Eve has stolen semen that did not belong to her and has used it to make children that Onan had no way of predicting would come into being.

The case of Phillips and Irons, as narrated by Phillips, falls somewhat further down the line toward consensual fatherhood than these two cases do. As Irons asserted, and as the Illinois appellate court agreed, “when plaintiff ‘delivered’ his sperm, it was a gift – an absolute and irrevocable transfer of title to property from a donor to a donee . . . . There was no agreement that the original deposit would be returned upon request.”

Unlike Eve, Phillips – even on his own version of the relevant events – did consensually surrender his sperm to Irons. Should this fact make a difference?

Does Oral Sex Assume the Risk of Paternity?

In the earlier examples, it was only through nonconsensual wrongdoing that Eve came into possession of Adam’s and Onan’s sperm cells in the first place. That is, if Eve had respected Adam’s bodily integrity and the privacy of Onan’s garbage, then she would not have been able to become pregnant through these men.

In our real-life scenario too, Irons allegedly crossed a line that Phillips did not anticipate, but that crossing occurred after she legitimately (and with his consent) came into possession of his sperm cells. In other words, Phillips may have expected and hoped that Irons would discard his sperm rather than keeping and using it, but – unlike Adam and Onan – he did give it to her of his own free will.

Is Secretly Omitting Birth Control Different From Secretly Using Sperm?

Is there a distinction, however, between Phillips (on his version of the facts) and a man who has consensual intercourse with a woman he (mistakenly) believes is using birth control?

If so, the distinction would seem to turn on a vision of “natural” versus “artificial” conception. When a man has intercourse with a woman, however “protected” from pregnancy he believes himself and her to be, he initiates a process that — left to its own devices — will sometimes yield a pregnancy. As a result, we hold him to have assumed the risk of such a pregnancy occurring, even when the man thinks that he and/or his partner have taken adequate precautions.

When a man does not engage in intercourse at all, however, then “nature,” left to its devices, will never yield a pregnancy. It is only with the intervention of a third party (here, the woman with whom he allegedly engaged in oral sex) that the sperm will have the opportunity to fertilize an egg. In our real-life case, then, “but for” Irons’s alleged intervention, the sperm cells were destined to die. In the language of torts and the criminal law, Irons’s alleged actions rather than those of Phillips were therefore the “proximate cause” of the child’s existence.

Though a man may have no right to expect nature to go as planned, he does perhaps have the right to expect that a human being will not affirmatively intervene and deliberately turn an act of “safe sex” into a pregnancy. Seen in this light, Irons’s alleged use of artificial means to convert discarded semen into a pregnancy and ultimately a live birth appears to take Phillips out of the equation and to turn him into an unwilling sperm donor, just as Adam and Onan were.

But is the fact that Phillips surrendered his sperm voluntarily irrelevant? I would argue that it is. To understand why, consider an analogy.

Transforming a Gift into Something Else

Suppose John Doe invites a police officer to visit his home. The officer comes over and brings John a gift: a pottery vase. Without telling John, the policeman has placed a listening device into the vase. After leaving John’s home, the officer is able secretly to monitor the conversations and other activities that go on in John’s apartment.

It is clear that on these facts, John – by inviting the officer to his home – has not assumed the risk of the police listening to his conversations and the activities in his home. Indeed, the officer’s behavior represents a violation of John’s Fourth Amendment right against unreasonable searches and seizures.

The fact that John accepted the vase from the police officer has no Fourth Amendment significance, because what he accepted was a piece of pottery, a gift that in no way entails the assumption of audio-monitoring. The vase-as-vase, in other words, is an entirely different entity from the vase-as-listening device.

Similarly, when Phillips surrendered his sperm to Irons, allegedly through oral sex, he agreed only to her gaining custody of the sperm-as-sperm. Absent preservation and fertilization, moreover, sperm cells die and become garbage. Phillips thus consensually surrendered nothing more than waste products to Irons, on his version of the story, and Phillips legitimately relied upon Irons to leave the status of that waste alone.

Instead, through insemination and pregnancy, Irons purportedly converted the surrendered sperm into something else entirely — a child.

What About the Child’s Needs?

In examining these issues, one last concern deserves our attention. Child support, as its name suggests, is not simply a monetary payment by a non-custodial parent to a custodial parent. It is – primarily, in fact – the fulfillment of an obligation by a parent to his child, the latter of whom is an innocent bystander in his or her own conception.

Though, on his account of the facts, Phillips did not consent to the creation of his child, the child may still feel entitled – like other children – to have two parents that share financial responsibility. The child, in other words, did nothing wrong to Phillips and seems to deserve no less than another child of a “surprised” father.

One response to this point is that every child deserves to have everything that he or she needs, and to have people called “parents” take care of him or her for the duration of childhood. But when a man does nothing that foreseeably risks a pregnancy, the genetic link between him and the resulting baby is of no greater significance than that of two siblings who are wide apart in age. Yet the law does not demand child support of the older sibling, precisely because he or she did nothing to create the biological relationship with the younger one.

Even when he avoids intercourse and does nothing to donate sperm to a reproductive endeavor, a man can still be forced into factual biological parenthood. Irons’s alleged actions demonstrate as much. Further, that reality may lead to great suffering, as the Illinois appellate court recognized by allowing Phillips’s emotional distress claim to go forward. That reality should not, however, necessarily carry financial ramifications along with the emotional ones.

At some point, a man’s lack of actual responsibility for the creation of a child must absolve him of financial responsibility as well. The circumstances of Phillips and Irons – as claimed by Phillips – seem a sensible place to start.

Author – Sherry F. Colb, a FindLaw columnist, is Professor and Frederick B. Lacey Scholar at Rutgers Law School in Newark.

Pregnancy Vlog Week 31 – Questions, Post Pregnancy PCOS & Belly Shot!
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Gauge your Baby?s Growth with a Monthly Pregnancy Calendar

Pregnant women are forever anxious about the growth of their baby. They try various means to keep a tab on the development of their fetus. It is here that a pregnancy calendar can come in handy for you. Bring informed about the monthly progression of your baby will help you get rid of pregnancy jitters.

A typical pregnancy calculation is 40 weeks from the starting date of your last period. This automatically transforms into a rough figure of ten months, although most babies are delivered any time after the beginning of the ninth month.

You can make use of the pregnancy calendar to make notes on the changes in your body at different stages of pregnancy.

Month 1

This is the time when conception takes place. During this period, the egg is fertilized by the sperm and gradually reaches the uterus.

Month 2

The baby’s heart starts beating and it develops arms and legs. The heart even starts circulating blood to the baby’s body. The primordial of the liver, pancreas, lungs, and stomach are evident in this stage of the pregnancy calendar.

Month 3

The baby starts moving around, although you may not be able to feel the movement as yet. Formation of toes begins and the baby will move away by touching the uterine wall. The external genitalia are now differentiated; the external ears and the upper lip are fully formed.

Month 4

You can now start feeling the baby around. At an ultrasound screening, you can even see how it sucks its thumb. All his twenty teeth have formed and are starting to grow by now. The scalp hair pattern is developing and the heart is pumping about 25 quarts of blood a day.

Month 5

During this period, the pads of the fingers and toes are formed and the fingerprints are developing. Gradually, permanent teeth buds are forming behind the already-formed milk teeth buds.

Month 6

According to the pregnancy calendar, this is the stage when fat deposits tend to build upon the baby’s body. It weighs up to 283 g and measures about 25 cm by this time. Towards the end of this trimester, the baby might begin to settle in a head down position.

Month 7

As the third trimester sets in, the baby starts hearing noises from the outside world. The veins are visible through the skin, and now it can hear you and those around you. In fact, you may even feel it jump at a sudden noise. Your uterus also allows the baby to see some light so as to make him aware of lightness and darkness.

Month 8

By this time, your baby’s eyes start to move. The head grows in size and almost all the internal organs are fully developed. In this stage, the baby is capable of regulating his own temperature even as the bone marrow starts producing red blood cells. It is urinating about a half liter of urine into the amniotic fluid everyday. This pregnancy stage is a period of high activity as your little one’s sleep cycles become more prominent.

Month 9

During the 35th week, the baby weighs about 2.15 kilos. The growth continues as your baby snuggles down into your pelvis. This will relieve you of the breathlessness that you have been feeling in the previous month. However, with increased pressure on your uterus and pelvis, you will have to urinate more often.

Month 10

The lungs of your baby are ready to breathe all by themselves during this stage. You can give birth to your baby any time now. Maximum deliveries take place in the 36th or 37th week of pregnancy. The onset of labor is usually marked by water breaking, increased contractions, and dilation of the cervix.

An expectant mother should refer to a pregnancy calendar in order to track her baby’s growth in the womb. Kid Spot is a comprehensive online resource on pregnancy, childbirth and parenting. Use our pregnancy calendar to connect to your baby before he/she is born.

The pregnancy stages are broken up into three trimesters, and most of the development of the baby occurs during the first trimester. Understand what happens during each stage with helpful information from a practicing ob-gyn in this free video on pregnancy. Expert: Dr. Mieke Lane Contact: www.cascadiawomensclinic.com Bio: Dr. Mieke Lane is an OB/GYN at Cascadia Women’s Clinic in Vancouver, Wash. Filmmaker: Lisa Fenderson
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Guard Your Teen Against Teenage Pregnancy

Teenage pregnancy is an issue of great concern today. A number of statistical studies bring to light the fact that approximately 34 percent of girls become pregnant in their teens. In some cultures across the globe, it is perfectly acceptable for a teenager to get married and bear children at such a young age. In many nations however, teenage pregnancy is a social issue that commands major concern.

Teenage pregnancy is rising at an alarming rate around the world. Teenage pregnancy could ruin the lives of both the mother and the child. A pregnant teenager’s life remarkably changes, most teenage mothers stuggle to handle a situation for which they are neither financially nor emotionally prepared.  The mother will be subjected to a multitude of economic, emotional, social and various medical problems.

Teenagers are vital cogs of our society as they will subsequently steer the succeeding generation and shape them. They are undoubtedly the future of any modern society. If the valuable teenage years will only be wasted in child rearing, then we can’t help but wonder what the future will hold for them. What ought to be a formative period in the teenager’s life could turn out to be a very stressful stage and the consequence of which could be grim and long lasting.

There are various reasons that could lead to teenage pregnancy. Social scientists suggest that teenage pregnancy is the consequence of the lack of an effective sex education program. They claim that most teenage girls know nothing about the availability of birth control methods. Yet others blame the problem on the negative effects of media, particularly pornography.

The most likely solution to address the problem boils down to good parenting. Be your teen’s best friend, it may sound difficult but it would definitely pay dividends later on. First and foremost, learn to communicate and earn the trust and respect of your teen.  This takes time and does not happen over night. Get close to your teenage daughter by providing answers to all her questions, you can’t afford those questions to be thrown to an outsider who may and most probably will deceive her when being asked. In most cases your teenager will find it difficult to ask, so parents should take the initiative and force the questions out by asking some questions themelves.

We can therefore resolve teenage pregnancy by fostering awareness among them. It becomes the responsibility of every teenage parent to educate their children on sex related issues. Imparting the right set of values, guiding them to judge what is moral and immoral, and how to overcome peer pressure is what can solve the problem. Brushing aside the problem will produce a generation of irresponsible adults who could ruin their lives and those of future generations.

In the event that your precious teenager accidentally gets pregnant, make her realize that she is not in a helpless condition. At this point, parents can reserve their thunder for other issues because their teen needs thair support and guidance more than ever. Teenage moms should realize that having a baby earler than expected does not mean that life is over. They should just have to find ways to live it.

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Transition Wear Styles – Post Pregnancy Clothing

In the beginning months of your pregnancy, when you are first starting to show, your regular jeans and tops begin to get a little snug. You might strain to get your favorite pair of jeans buttoned or realize that your usual tank tops are riding up a bit. This same issue occurs after your pregnancy, when your maternity clothes are too big, yet your baby weight prevents you from fitting comfortably into your pre-pregnancy styles. These stages of early and post pregnancy call for the aptly named “transition wear”, clothing great for early pregnancy and after, when you are not quite back to your pre-pregnancy weight. There are several brands which make great transitional clothing, where extra room in the waist and bust is provided without looking like maternity clothing.

Pants can often be a difficult item of clothing to fit, especially during this transitional period. In the beginning stages of pregnancy, your pre-pregnancy jeans become to snug to button, and the maternity jeans are too big. After pregnancy, this same issue reoccurs. One great trick during these transitional periods is the Bella Band by Ingrid & Isabel. This elastic transitional piece is incredible for all stages of your pregnancy, and will help you transition smoothly in the early months of pregnancy to after your baby has been born. When your pre-pregnancy jeans are a bit too tight, slip the Bella Band over the waistline with the pants unbuttoned. This will give you the extra room while still keeping your pants in place.

In the beginning, when maternity pants are still a bit too big, you can wear the Bella Band over the waistline and it will make them fit snugly. Coming in a variety of colors, the Bella Band is a great investment. Another great transitional piece is a trendy pair of sweat pants. Sleek and in style, sweats designed for transitional wear do not look like maternity clothes and provide comfort before, during, and after your pregnancy. The Bella Band Essentials Everyday Soft Pant is stylish and figure flattering. It can be worn in a number of ways, from folding the waistband underneath a smaller belly to wearing it unfolded over the belly during the later months of your pregnancy. So many women today, pregnant or not, wear cute, boot cut stretch pants and these from Ingrid & Isabel work for pregnancy or after. Since the fabric is super soft and sleek, they can be dressed up or down and can be paired with a variety of tops.

It can often seem tricky to find tops that work well after giving birth, when you still have baby weight you would like to lose. However, there are several designers that create clothing especially for this period. Japanese Weekend has a line called During & After, or D&A. This clothing is designed especially to work during pregnancy but to still be flattering afterwards while providing nursing access. One favorite is the Japanese Weekend Teal D&A Sash Maternity/Nursing Top. This top has a front tie which provides easy and discreet nursing access, while being long enough to cover you during and after pregnancy. Maternal America also designs some gorgeous maternity and nursing tops which, while comfortable during pregnancy, they do not look like maternity clothing. Their Criss/Cross Maternity/Nursing Top is a great option, as it camouflages the belly.

Some basic t-shirts or tanks are a great option while transitioning, and there are several good options out there. The Bella Band Essentials Ruched Tank is super soft and stretchy and will fit you before, during, and after your pregnancy. The Maternity Baby Tee from Shade Maternity is a great t-shirt option, as it is cut longer in the front to provide coverage during all stages of your pregnancy, including after. You will feel comfortable and stylish all day long.

After pregnancy there are several ways to camouflage that bit of extra baby weight. One option is to look for tops with an interesting neckline. This will draw the attention upwards and create visual interest around your face. Another great option to consider is a fitted blazer or jacket. A structured jacket provides shape and style, while camouflaging anything you might not want to show. Overall, there are many pieces which will work well during the early stages of pregnancy and post-pregnancy. Find your favorites styles, and you will look and feel great throughout your pregnancy.

Losing Weight After Birth – 3 Fastest Ways on How to Loose Weight After Pregnancy

How to loose weight after pregnancy

Ever wondered if such a question actually has an answer that would help you with your goal towards knocking those unwanted extra pounds in just a matter of few weeks? Well I should tell you that yes there is not one, but three answers to your question! Sadly for you, such an answer can be realized only when you show determination and a strong will power to actually follow one or a combination of the steps that I am going to talk to you about to ensure that losing weight after pregnancy is definitely possible even for you.

As for the first way to lose weight after pregnancy, you would have to take up a proper exercise regime. If anyone has told you that losing weight after birth is going to be really easy, then you surely have been misled. You need to remember that losing weight is not only going to get you back into shape but proper muscle toning along with a weight loss exercise program is what could possibly help you.

For the next fast way on how to loose weight after pregnancy, you would have to start modulating your eating habits. The time immediately after pregnancy is almost the same as being pregnant. You would definitely have cravings to binge eat or eat in excess. As a rule, you would have to avoid heavy fatty foods, junk foods and high calorie diet. For snacks, you would have to alternate between raw vegetables and fruits than actually opting for fries and cookies.

It would also be a great idea if you follow a regular detox and colon cleanse program. If you want to see instantaneous results like what Ms. Winfrey did, then it is time that you stopped asking the question how to loose weight after pregnancy and actually try the Acai Berry detox followed by lemon colon cleanse.

Now try these three simple ways and see how to loose weight after pregnancy is no longer just a question, but a question with a realistic answer. These steps are easy and definitely achievable. If you want to get back into your actual dress size, then it is time that you tried these ways really soon. Also remember that the results would be visible only after a few weeks and not in just a day or twp. So don’t lose heart and keep following these steps to lose weight really soon.

Dr. Janice Key, Professor of Adolescent Medicine at the Medical University South Carolina, answers questions about teen pregnancy prevention.
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Losing Weight After Birth – 2 Fastest Ways On How To Lose Weight After Pregnancy

How to lose weight after pregnancy

Ever wondered if such a question really has an answer that would assist you with your goal towards knocking those undesired extra pounds in just a matter of few weeks? Well I should tell you that of course there is not one, however three answers to your question! Unfortunately for you, this answer can be realized just when you show conviction and a strong will power to really follow one or combining the steps that I am going to talk to you about to ensure that losing weight after pregnancy is certainly possible even for you.

As for the first method to lose weight after pregnancy, you would have to take up a suitable exercise regime. If anyone has told you that losing weight after birth will be really easy, then you definitely have been misled. You should keep in mind that losing weight is not just going to get you back to shape but right muscle toning in addition to a weight loss exercise program is what could probably assist you.

For another fast way on how to loose weight after pregnancy, you would have to begin modulating your eating habits. As soon as immediately after pregnancy is nearly the same as being pregnant. You would certainly have cravings to binge eat or eat in excess. As a rule, you would have to stay away from heavy fatty foods, junk foods and high calorie diet. For snacks, you must alternate between raw vegetables and fruits than really opting for fries and cookies.

It would also be the better plan if you keep to a regular detox and colon cleanse plan. If you would like to see immediate results like what Ms. Winfrey did, then it is time that you stopped asking the question how to loose weight after pregnancy and actually try the Acai Berry detox followed by lemon colon cleanse.

Now try these three easy ways and see how to loose weight after pregnancy is no longer a question, however a question with a sensible answer. These steps are simple and certainly achievable. If you would like to return to your actual dress size, then it’s about time that you tried these methods very soon. Also keep in mind that the outcomes would be visible only after a few weeks and not in just a day or twp. So do not lose heart and keep adhering to these steps to lose weight very soon.

Pregnancy Week by Week Guide

Pregnancy Week by Week Guide
The subsequent article delves into the topic of pregnancy week by week. If you’ve got a specific interest in pregnancy week by week, then this informative article is required reading.
Pregnancy could be a scary, nevertheless miraculous half of life. Part of the nervousness and anticipation that surrounds pregnancy could be a lack of knowledge about what happens to your body during the 9 months required to create a new life. Below is a pregnancy week by week list of the changes that will take place while you’re pregnant. Bear in mind that every lady is totally different and the speed at that a fetus develops is varied.
Pregnancy Week By Week – One Through Four:
Week one starts with the date of your last menstrual period. During week four, fertilization of the eggs happens and the method of making a brand new life begins.
Pregnancy Week By Week – 5 Through Eight:
You have got missed a amount and you may begin to suspect that you are pregnant. At this stage, a pregnancy test will be correct for many women. Throughout the sixth week your baby’s heart starts to beat. Week seven might be the start of morning illness, and by week eight the rapidly developing fetus has little arms and legs.
Pregnancy Week By Week – Nine Through Twelve:
Throughout this stage of pregnancy, your body continues to grow and regulate to accommodate the growing fetus. Your baby should start to maneuver within your body although you will not notice at this point. By week twelve, morning illness should begin to subside.
Pregnancy Week By Week – Week By Week Thirteen Through Sixteen:
It’s possible to see the baby’s gender by week 13, however with solely a moderate degree of accuracy. Week fourteen should be the week in which you’ll be able to hear the baby’s heartbeat throughout your visit to your obstetrician. You may possibly be ready to feel your baby move during this period as the baby’s bones begin to harden.
Pregnancy Week By Week – Seventeen Through Twenty:
The simplest time to be told concerning pregnancy week by week is before you are within the thick of things. Wise readers will keep reading to earn some valuable pregnancy week by week experience while it’s still free.
By now your baby’s internal organs are starting to develop rapidly and also the fetus is roofed in fine hair called lanugo. An ultrasound performed during now should accurately determine your baby’s gender.
Pregnancy Week By Week – Twenty One Through Twenty Four:
At this stage of pregnancy, your baby will begin practicing breathing so as to be ready for this job when he or she is born. You may feel slight contractions throughout this time as your uterus begins getting ready for the task at hand. By week twenty four, your baby begins to develop fat deposits in order to regulate body temperature once birth.
Pregnancy Week By Week – Twenty Four Through Twenty Eight:
Your uterus will begin to urge crowded at this stage of pregnancy and your baby’s movements will slow down. Your baby will now sense light-weight and darkness and will be able to hear sounds from the surface world. The sounds your baby hears can resemble the sounds you’d hear whereas swimming underneath water.
Pregnancy Week By Week – Twenty Nine Through Thirty Two:
Your baby’s head is growing rapidly in proportion to the remainder of its body. The brain and also the eyes are virtually fully developed throughout this stage of your pregnancy. By week thirty 2, the sole organs not nearly fully developed are the lungs
Pregnancy Week By Week -Thirty Three Through Thirty Six:
During week thirty 3, your baby will shut and open it’s eyes and also the fingernails grow to the top of the fingers. It is potential that your baby’s nails will want to be cut soon when birth. By week thirty six, the baby could weigh up to four pounds and be up to sixteen inches long.
Pregnancy Week By Week – Thirty Seven Through Forty:
Your baby’s major organs are totally developed for a whereas currently and also the lungs still develop in preparation for birth. The baby might be born at any time now. The actual delivery date for your baby might be as a lot of as 2 weeks before or when the expected due date. The time has come back to arrange for the approaching arrival – good luck!
There’s a heap to perceive about pregnancy week by week. We have a tendency to were ready to provide you with some of the facts higher than, however there is still plenty additional to write about in subsequent articles.

The first stage of pregnancy in a dog is the dog going into heat, and the process from conception to birth usually lasts about two months. Learn about appetite changes and other hormonal issues that occur in a dog’s pregnancy withhelp from a certified dog trainer in this free video on dog pregnancy and care. Expert: Zephyr Clarke-Dolberg Contact: www.miami-dog-training.com Bio: Zephyr Clarke-Dolberg is a certified professional dog trainer in Miami, Fla. Filmmaker: Paul Muller
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Lisa Olsons Pregnancy Miracle ? Two Questions To Think About

Lisa Olson’s Pregnancy Miracle is one of the top ranking books in the health and wellness arena and focus’s quite effectively on helping couples to overcome infertility. To date is has helped thousands of women to become pregnant when they had lost hope of ever having a child of their own.

Just like anything wonderful though there is always a down side. So what could be wrong with a book that advises that you take control of your own reproductive health and uses holistic and natural methods? There are only two problems that we see with Lisa Olson’s Pregnancy Miracle.

First, with so many couples turning to holistic means of becoming pregnant one might wonder if infertility specialist and clinics might not be a little concerned. We are surprised that those in the medical profession aren’t making more waves about Pregnancy Miracle give the market share that it is definitely taking away from them. At thousands of dollars per couple that is lost in fees to infertility specialists and clinics doesn’t it make you wonder?

Instead we are seeing a recent rise in infertility clinics and specialist promoting natural and holistic methods of infertility treatment. Does this seem odd to you? Why would the medical profession begin to offer these services unless they were extremely effective? And of course, as medical professionals they can charge a premium for the same treatment that you can get yourself from Lisa Olson’s Pregnancy Miracle for a fraction of the cost.

Our second question about Pregnancy Miracle concerns the one on one support that Lisa Olson provides with her book. For three months you will have unlimited support from Mrs. Olson herself as you work through your infertility issues. This means that if you have any questions about the material in Pregnancy Miracle you can email her. If you have a particular question about your individual circumstances and need her advice, she is there for you.

Why would an author offer this kind of personal service? Can you imagine the amount of time Lisa Olson spends on a daily basis fielding questions via email? Could it be that as a mother who went through infertility treatments herself she has a soft spot for couples who desire to have a child of their own? Can you imagine how much time she puts into her work? And how much do you think it would cost you if you emailed your doctor whenever you had a question?

It just doesn’t make any sense to us and the only thing that makes any sense is that she finds this work very rewarding and that she has a passion for helping those that are in the same situation that she herself was in until her first child was born. There is no doubt that she has devoted her life to this work and her methods have made a dramatic change in the field of infertility treatment not only for those that have used the methods in her book but also those who have chosen unknowingly to go to infertility specialist and clinics to receive much of the same treatment that you can find inside Lisa Olson’s Pregnancy Miracle.

Overall, you have to admit that this woman is really on to something. Single handedly she has helped thousands of people that she has never really met and brought joy to so many families and extended families that the number of lives touched must be astronomical.

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